LINUX INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
1)What is Linux ?
2)Difference between Linux and Windows ?
4)Difference between Linux and MAC OS ?
5)What is Operating System(Resource Manager) ?
6)What are the functions of an operating system ?
7)What are the features of UNIX ?
10)What is a bash ?
17)Difference between Semaphore and Mutex?
18)What is Critical section of code?
19)What is Memory Management?
20)What is Paging?
21)What are Frames?
22)What are Pages?
23)What is Page Fault?
24)What is meant by Buffer?
25)What is a Swap Space?
26)What is IPC?What are the Various Schemes Available?
27)What is deadlock?
28)What is Real-Time use of Dead Lock ?
29)How to avoid Dead Lock ?
31)What is Context Switching ?
32)What is I-Node Number?
33)What is Daemon?
34)What are the different types of Scheduling Policies?
35)Explain FIFO Scheduling Algorithm?
36)Explain Round-Robin Scheduling Algorithm?
37)Difference between FCFS and Round Robin?
38)What is Multiprocessing ?
39)What is Response Time?
40)What is Starvation Time?
41)What is Turn Around Time ?
42)What is Through Put ?
43)What is Running State ?
44)What is Ready State ?
45)What is Wait State ?
46)What is Delay State?
47)What is Suspend State ?
48)What is Orphan Process ?
49)What is Zombie Process ?
50)Difference between Nice and ReNice ?
51)What is Scheduling ?
52)Explain about PCB ?
53)What is umask ?
54)Difference between Hard Link and Soft Link ?
55)Difference between stat,fstat,lstat ?
56)Who is responsible for data transfer between Processes ?
57)What is the Purpose of IPC Mechanisms ?
58)Explain about PIPE ?
59)What are the Disadvantages of PIPE ?
60)Explain fork() system call ?
61)Explain about FIFO ?
62)What are Limitations of FIFO ?
63)Explain about Message Queue ?
64)What are the functions used in Message Queue ?
65)What are disadvantages of Message Queue ?
66)Explain about Shared Memory ?
67)What are the functions used in Shared Memory ?
68)What is PID ?
69)What do you meant by Multi Threading ?
70)What are drawbacks of Threading ?
71)Difference between getpid() and getppid() in Linux ?
72)Difference between signal() and sigaction() in Linux ?
73)What are the File Permissions in Linux ?
74)Explain Process Management System calls in Linux ?
75)What are the Linux commands you Know ?
1)What is Linux ?
1) Linux is a Unix based Operating System.
2) It was first Introduced by Linus Torvalds.
3)It is an Open Source Operating System that was designed to provide
free and a low
cost operating system for the computer users.
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2)Difference between Linux and Windows ?
1)Linux
is a open source operating system
Windows is not a open source operating system
2) Linux is free of cost.
Windows is costly.
3)In Linux, Monolithic Kernel is used
In Windows,
Micro Kernel is used
4) It Provides more security than Windows.
It
Provides less security than Linux.
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3)Difference between Linux and Unix ?
LINUX
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UNIX
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The source code of Linux is freely
available to its users.
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The source code of unix os not
available for the general public.
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Linux primarily uses GUI with an
optional CLI.
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Unix primarily uses CLI.
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Linux OS is portable
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Unix is not portable.
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Linux is used on home based PC’s,
Mobile Phones, Desktops.
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Unix had a rigid environment of the
hardware
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Different versions of Linux are
Ubuntu, Linux Mint and Red Hat.
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Different versions of Unix are AIS,
HP-UX, BSD, Iris.
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Linux Installation is economical and
doesn’t require much specific and high end hardware.
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Unix Installation is comparatively
costlier as it requires more specific hardware circuitry.
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LINUX
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MAC OS
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Open-Source
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Commercial
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Install Everywhere
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Default only on MAC
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Community Support
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Great Support
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Very Customizable
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Limited Customizable
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Linux has come in 1991
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It was developed in 1984
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5)What is Operating System(Resource Manager) ?
An
operating system is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of
a
computer and provides programmers with an interface that is used to access
those
resources.
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6)What are the functions of an operating system ?
1)
Process Management.
2)Memory Management
3)I/O system Management
4)File Management
5)Network Management
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7)What are the features of UNIX ?
1) It is a simple user interface.
2)It is Multi-User and Multiprocessing System
3) It is a Time-Sharing Operating System.
4) It is written in C.
5) It has a consistent file format.
6) It support Languages such as FORTRAN, BASIC, PASCAL,
Ada, COBOL, LISP.
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8)What are features of Linux ?
1)Portable
2)Open Source
3)Multi-User
4)Multi Programming
5)Hierarchical
File System
6)Shell
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9)What is Shell?
1)Shell is
Command language interpreter takes commands from the user and
executes Kernel's functions.
2) Shell is
an Application, not a Service.
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Note: Applications
are Optional, Services are Mandatory.
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10)What is a bash ?
1)Bash is a shell program written by Brian
Fox as an upgraded version of Bourne
Shell Program ‘sh’.
2)
Bash is short for Bourne Again shell.
3) It is an open source GNU Project.
4)It was released in 1989 as one of the most
popular shell distribution of GNU/Linux
Operating systems.
5)It
provides functional improvements over Bourne Shell for both programming
and interactive uses.
6)When you run a terminal, it’s simply a window that runs bash
in interactive
mode, possibly reading some
initialization code first.
7)
It includes command line editing, key bindings, command history with unlimited
size.
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11)What are the Booting Steps of Linux OS ?
1) BIOS :
a) BIOS Stands for Basic Input/output System.
b) Performs Some System Integrity Checks.
c) It is Present in ROM.
d) Searches, loads, and executes the boot loader program.
e) It looks for boot loader in floppy, cd-rom (or) hard
drive.
f)Once the boot loader program is detected and loaded
into the memory,
BIOS gives the control to it.
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2) MBR:
a) MBR stands for Master Boot Record.
b) This MBR is located in the Starting Sector of the
bootable device.
c) MBR is less than 512 bytes in size.
d)Windows --- NT Loader
Linux --- LILO Loader
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3) GRUB:
a) GRUB stands for Grand Unified Boot Loader.
b) It
Loads the OS from hardisk to RAM.
c)If
you have Multiple kernel images installed on your system, you
Can choose which one to be executed.
d) It
has the Knowledge of file system.
e) Universal
Loader, Loader will Display.
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4) Kernel:
a) It will load the kernel from hardisk to RAM.
b) Kernel executes the init program.
c) All the services started Executed.
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5) Init:
a) Kernel will create the process.
b)
Process Start running.
c)
Process id is one.
d) Init
will initiate Run Level Program (Minor Services).
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6)Run
Level Programs:
a)When the Linux System is booting up,you might see various services getting
Started.
b)Following are the available Run levels
1) 0 - Halt
2) 1 - Single
User Mode
3) 2 - Multi
User
4) 3 - Full
Multi User Mode
5) 4 - Unused
6) 5 - X11
7) 6 - Reboot
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12)What is LILO ?
1)
LILO is a boot loader for Linux.
2)It
is used to mainly to load the Linux Operating system into main memory
So that it can begin its
operations.
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13)Explain about Kernel ?
1)It is the core component of Operating
System, interacts directly
With hardware, provides low
level services to upper layer components.
2) It is responsible for handling all system processes.
3) All processes of memory and hardware initialization are
carried out in kernel space.
4) All the Services of the Operating System are called Kernel
Services.
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14)What are the types of kernel in Linux ?
The types of
kernel in Linux are
1)Monolithic Kernel
2)Micro
Kernel
3)Hybrid
Kernel
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15)What are the components of a Kernel ?
The
Components of a Kernel are
1)Process Management
2)Device Management
3)Memory Management
4)Interrupt Handler
5)Hardware Device Drivers
6)File system Drivers
7)Network Management
8)Synchronization and Communication
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16)Difference between Process and Thread?
a) Process is a program in execution.
Thread means a segment of process.
b) Process is a heavy weight process.
Thread is a light weight process.
c) The process takes more time to terminate.
The thread takes less time to terminate.
d) It takes more time for creation.
It takes less time for creation.
e) Process consumes more resources.
Thread consumes fewer resources.
f) The process is mostly isolated.
Threads share memory.
g) It does not share data.
Threads share data with each other.
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a) Semaphore is used to
synchronize between multiple processes.
Mutex is used to synchronize between multiple threads.
b) It is a type of signalling mechanism.
It
is a locking mechanism.
c) Semaphore is just an integer variable.
Mutex
is just an object.
d) Types of semaphore are counting semaphore and
binary semaphore.
Mutex has no subtypes.
e) Semaphore value is modified using wait () and signal
() operation.
Mutex
object is locked (or) unlocked.
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1)When more than one processes access a same code segment that segment is
Known as
Critical section.
2)Critical Section contains shared variables (or)
resources which are needed to
be synchronized to maintain consistency of
data variable.
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19)What is Memory Management?
Memory Management is the process of controlling and coordinating computer
memory,
assigning portions known as blocks to various running programs to
Optimize
the overall performance of the system.
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20)What is Paging?
a)Paging is
a memory management scheme that eliminates the need for
Contiguous allocation of Physical memory.
b)Paging is a storage mechanism that allows
OS to retrieve processes from the
Secondary storage into the main memory in the form of pages.
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21)What are Frames?
1)The Physical Address Space(Memory) is conceptually divided into a number of
fixed size blocks called frames.
2) Physical addresses are generated by Memory Management Unit.
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Note: Logical address does not exist physically but
Physical address does exist.
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1) The Logical Address Space is
also splitted into fixed-size blocks called pages.
2) Logical addresses are
generated by Central Processing Unit.
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1)A
Page Fault occurs when a program attempts to access a block of memory
That is not stored in the physical memory (or)
RAM.
2) Page Fault occurs when page is not in
main memory.
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Memory
area that stores data while they are transferred between two devices is
called Buffer.
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1)Swap
Space is a certain amount of space used by Linux to temporarily hold some
Programs that are running concurrently. This happens when RAM
does not have
enough memory to hold all programs that are executing.
2) Swap
space management is done using virtual memory.
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1)Inter Process Communication is used to pass
information between two (or)
more processes.
2)One process want to communicate with
another process we need to follow
IPC mechanism.
3) Schemes are Pipes,FIFOs,Message Queue,
Shared Memory, Semaphores.
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1)In an operating system, a deadlock is
a situation which occurs when a process
enters a waiting state because a resource requested
by it is being held by
another
waiting process, which in turn is waiting for another resource. If a
process is unable to change its
state indefinitely because the resources
requested by it are being used by other
waiting process, then the system
is said to be in a deadlock.
2)Process1 is
locked R1 resource and waiting for R2 resource availability where as
Process2 locked R2 resource waiting
for R1 resource availability. This situation is
Called
as Deadlock.
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1) Traffic Grid Lock is an everyday example
of Dead Lock.
2)When two trains are coming toward each other on same
track and there is
Only one track, none of the trains can
move once they are in front of each other.
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29)How to avoid Dead Lock ?
We
can Prevent Dead Lock by eliminating the below four conditions
1)Mutual Exclusion
2)Hold and Wait
3)No Pre-emption
4)Circular Wait
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30)What is Cache memory?
1)Cache
Memory is used by the central processing unit of a computer to reduce the
average time to access memory.
2)The cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data
from the
most frequently used main memory locations.
3) As long as most memory accesses are cached memory locations, the
average latency
of memory accesses will be closer to the cache latency
than to the latency of main
memory.
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1)Transferring
the control from one process to other process requires saving the state
Of the old process and loading the saved state for new process.
This is known as
context switching.
2)
Loading and Unloading of PCBs is called context switching.
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32)What is I-Node Number?
Each
file is given a unique name by the operating system which is called as the
I-Node.
1)An I-Node is an entry in the table, containing information
about a file including :
a)File Type,Permissions,UID,GID
b)The Link count
c)The File's Size and Various Time Stamps
d)Pointers to the files data blocks on disk
e)Other data about the file
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1) It is long lived. Often, a Daemon is
created at system start-up and runs until the
System is
shutdown.
2)It runs in the background and has no controlling
terminal.So,some of the signals are
ignored. (SIGINT, SIGSTOP, SIGHUP).
3)The purpose of Daemons are to handle periodic
requests and then forward
the requests to appropriate programs for
execution.
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1)FIFO(First In First Out)/FCFS(First Come First
Serve)
2)Round Robin Scheduling
3)SJF(Shortest Job First)
4)Priority Based Scheduling
5)Multi Level Feedback Queues Scheduling
6)SRTF(Shortest Remaining Time First)
7)LRTF(Longest Remaining Time First)
8)Highest Response Ratio Next(HRRN)
9)Multilevel Queue Scheduling
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1) FIFO is also
Known as FCFS.
2) Simplest Scheduling Algorithm that
Schedules according to arrival times of Processes.
3) FIFO assigns the CPU based on order of
Requests.
4) FCFS is a Non-Pre-emptive Scheduling
Algorithm.
5) Non-Preemptive: A Process Keeps running
on a CPU until it is blocked (or) terminated.
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1) Round
Robin Periodically releases the CPU from long-running Jobs.
2) Based on timer interrupts so short jobs
can get a fair share of CPU time.
3)Preemptive:A process can be forced to
leave its running state and replaced by
another running process.
4)Time-Slice: Interval between Timer
Interrupts
5) If Time Slice is too long--Scheduling
degrades to FIFO.
6)If Time Slice is too short--Through Put
suffers--Context Switching cost dominates
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1)FCFS not Suitable for Time Sharing
Systems
Round Robin Scheduling Suitable for Time Sharing
Systems
2)It is Non-Pre-emptive.
It is Pre-emptive.
3) It uses a FIFO Queue.
It uses FIFO Circular Queue.
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38)What is Multiprocessing ?
Multiple
applications running simultaneously (or) concurrently are called as
Multiprocessing.
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1)The Time
gap between process is created and the first instruction of the process
started executing that time gap is called Response Time.
2)Response Time less is a good environment.
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40)What is Starvation Time?
1)The Process in its life cycle how much of time it is starvated without
executing by
the cpu that time is called as Starvation
Time.
2) Starvation Time less is a good
environment.
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41)What is Turn Around Time ?
1)The
Time gap between process creation to the process completion is called as
Turn Around Time.
2) Turn Around Time less is a good environment.
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1)
No of Processes completed per unit of Time is called as Through Put.
2) Through Put more is a good environment.
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If a
Process is executed by cpu then the process go to Running State.
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If
a Process is ready for execution but not executing by the cpu then the
Process goes to Ready State.
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If a
Process is waiting for external event to finish then the process is treated
as
Wait
State Process.
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46)What is Delay State?
If
a Process intentionally goes to the delay using sleep function, then the
process
goes to Delayed State.
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If a Process is Suspended because
of some signal then the process go to Suspend state.
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If Parent
Completes its Process before Child Process then Child becomes Orphan.
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If
Child Completes its Process before Parent Process then Child becomes Zombie
(Dead Process).
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50)Difference between Nice and ReNice ?
1)Nice for modification of Scheduling
Priority (or) Run a Program with modified
Scheduling Priority (or) Create a Process with Modified
Scheduling Priority.
2)Re Nice for modification of Scheduling Priority of Running
Process (or) is a
Command to change the Priority of Running Process.
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It is a Method of Selecting the Sequence of the Process in Simple Words
chooses the
Process which has to be executed first in the CPU.
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1)
PCB Stands for Process Control Block.
2)A
Process Operations are Controlled with the help of PCB can be considered as
Brain
of the process, which contains all the information regarding to a process
Such as process id, priority, state,
present working state and contents of CPU register.
3)It
is a Kernel based data structure which uses three kind of functions which
are scheduling, Dispatching, Context
save.
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53)What is umask ?
1)The user-file
creation mode mask (umask) is use to determine the file permission
for newly created files.
2) It can be used to control the default
file permission for new files.
3) It is a four digit octal number.
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1) Hard Link is
the direct reference to the file.
Soft Link is the reference by name
which means it points to a file by file name.
2) A file can be accessed through many different
names known as Hard Link.
A file can be accessed through
different references pointing to that file is known
as Soft Link.
3)Command : ln filename1 filename2
Command : ln -s filename1
filename2
4)Inode Numbers are same.
Inode
Numbers are Different.
5) Both files are regular.
One is Regular other is Link.
6) If we delete the Original file we can get the
data from the link file.
If
we delete the Original file we cannot get the data.
7) File Size are same.
File Size is different.
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1) These
functions return information about a file.
2) All are system calls.
3)Whenever the file name is a symbolic link, stat()
returns the attributes (or)inode
Information about the target file
associated with the Link. Whereas the lstat()
return the attributes of the
link.fstat() is identical to stat(),except that the file
to be stat-ed is specified by the file
descriptor.
4) For stat () and lstat () if we give regular file it
will give regular file information.
For but stat() if we give link file it will
give original file information but lstat()
gives link
file information.
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a)
The Kernel is responsible for data transfer between Processes.
b)The Kernel provides facilities such as 1)Signals
2)PIPE
3)FIFO
4)Message Queue
5)Shared Memory
6)Semaphore
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a)Data
Transfer
b)Sharing Data
c)Event Notification
d)Resource Sharing
e)Process Control
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a) Pipes Provide a Unidirectional Inter Process
Communication Channel.
b) It is Unstructured data stream.
c) A pipe has a READ end and WRITE end.
d) Data Written to the write end of a pipe can be read
from the read end of the pipe.
e)A pipe is created using a pipe(2) system call which
contains a new pipe and returns
two file descriptors, one referring to the
read end of the pipe, the other referring to
the write end.
f)Pipe is used mainly for communication of related
processes that means
Communication between a parent and a
child process.
g)Pipes have a limited capacity, a pipe is simply a
buffer maintained in
Kernel memory (65536).
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a) They are half-duplex.
b)
Data flows in one direction.
c) If
multiple processes writes data the reader cannot determine the boundaries.
d) If
multiple readers are present a writer cannot direct data to specific reader.
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a)
The fork system call is used to create a new process.
b) The newly created process is the child process.
c) The process which calls fork and creates a new process
is the parent process.
d) The child and parent processes executed concurrently.
e) It is used for creating child processes for a parent
process.
f) Fork is called onces and returns twice.
g)It will return 0 to the newly created process(child) and
process id of the child to the
calling process(Parent)
h) The child process gets copy of parent’s data, stack and
heap segment. The code segment
is common for both.
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a)
FIFO is also called as Named Pipe.
b)It is used for communication between unrelated processes
c) FIFO stands for First in First Out.
d)FIFO has a write end and a read end, and data is read
from the pipe in the same order
as it is written
e)We can create a fifo file in two ways
i)Through Command ii)Through Function
f)mkfifo --Library Function
mknod -- system call
g)Shell commands to pass data from one shell pipe to
another without creating temporary
files.
h) By client server applications for sending data between
clients and server.
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a) When
process writing data into FIFO, reading process must and should be available.
b) No
addressing mechanism.
c)If
multiple reading processes are there in that case when writing process writes
the
data there is no guarantee that who is going to receive it.
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a) Message queues can be used to pass messages between Processes.
b) Message queue are a linked list of messages stored within
the kernel.
c) They are identified by a message queue Identifier.
d) Message queues are somewhat like pipes, but differ in
two important respects.
e)First, message boundaries are preserved, so that readers
and writers communicate in
Units of messages, rather than via un
delimited byte stream.
f)Second, each message includes an integer type field, and
it is possible to select
messages by type, rather than reading them
in the order in which they are written.
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a) msgget ()
is useful for creating as well as opening the existing message queue.
b)msgsnd()
is useful for transferring the message into the message queue
c) msgrcv ()
is useful for receiving the message from message queue.
d) msgget ()
is useful for doing some control operations on the message queue.
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a) It is called as Slowest IPC.
b)Message queues are connectionless,
and the kernel doesn't maintain a count of the
number of processes referring
to the queue as is done with pipes, FIFOs, and sockets.
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a)
It allows two (or) more processes to share a given region of memory.
b) It is the Fastest IPC mechanism.
c) Semaphores are used to synchronize shared memory access.
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a) shmget() is useful for
creating as well as opening the shared memory segment.
b) shmat() is useful for
attaching the shared memory segment to our process. so that
Process can do the
transactions.
c) shmdt () is useful for
detaching the shared memory segments from our process.
d) shmctl() is useful for doing
some control operations.
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a) PID is
process id.
b)The
process manager recognises processes by an identification numbers and not
with
names, this process identification number is called PID of a process.
c)A process
is an executing instance of a program
d) Each
process is guaranteed a unique PID, which is always a non negative integer.
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1)Multi
Threading is Multi Tasking, but enables the processing of multiple threads at
One time, rather than multiple
processes.
2)For Example,
a Multi Threaded Operating system may run several background
tasks, such as logging file changes,
indexing data and managing windows at
Same time.
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1) Complex Debugging and Testing Processes.
2) Result is sometimes
Unpredictable.
3)Overhead Switching of
context
4) Increased Potential for
deadlock occurrence.
5) Increased Difficulty
level in writing a program.
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Both
getpid() and getppid() are inbuilt functions of unistd.h library
1)Syntax
: a)pid_t getpid(void);
b)pid_t
getppid(void);
2) a) It will give the process id.
b) It will give its parent process id.
3) Returns
the PID of the calling process.
Returns the PID of the parent of the
calling process.
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Both
are system calls
1) Signal
returns the previous signal disposition on success.
Sigaction changes the
disposition of a signal.
2)signal()
function is simple
Sigaction() function is complex
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Permissions are associated with every file,
and are useful for security.
1)There
are three categories of users:
a)User (U)
b)Group (G)
c)Others (O)
2)There are
three types of access permissions:
a)Read (R)
b) Write (W)
c)Execute (E)
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74)Explain Process Management System calls in Linux ?
The system calls to manage the
process are :
1)
fork (): used to create a new process.
2)exec() :Execute
a new program
3)wait()
:Wait until the process finish execution
4)exit(): Exit
from the process
And system
calls used to get process ID are :
1)
getpid () : get the unique
process id of the process.
2)
getppid (): get the parent process unique id.
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pwd - print working directory
The
command is used to print the name of the current working directory.
|
cd - change directory
The command changes
directories to specified directory
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ls - list
the files
The command lists
the directory contents
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cat
The
command is used for displaying and create files
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rm
The command is used to delete
files
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mv
The command is used to rename file (or) group of files as well as directories. |
wc
The
command counts lines, words, and character depending on option.
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mkdir
The command creates a directory
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rmdir
The
command removes a directory.
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cp
The command copies information from one file to another. |
head
The command will
display the first 10 lines of a line.
|
tail
The
command will display the last 10 of a file.
|
ps
The
command displays the current process status of the system.
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77)What is Virtual memory ?
1) Virtual Memory is a feature of an
operating system.
2)If the RAM falls short of memory to
accommodate more running processes
the OS allocates a portion of your hard drive is referred as Virtual
Memory.
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78)What is meant by Major and Minor numbers in Linux ?
1) Every Device in Linux is represented as a regular
file.
2) These files are called Device files.
3) Each device file in Linux has two unique number
associated with it.
4) These two numbers are Major and Minor Numbers.
5) Major Number is a Unique Number which Specifies a
Particular driver.
6)Every Device Driver has their unique major number
which helps kernel
to identify the driver.
7)To differentiate between the devices, every device
in Linux system provided
a unique
number is called minor number.
8) We can
say that Minor number represents a device and major number specify a driver.
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79)What is meant by TOP Command in Linux ?
1) TOP Command is used to show the
Linux Processes.
2) It provides a dynamic real time
view of the running system.
3)Normally, this command shows the
summary information of the system and
The list of processes (or) threads which are currently managed by the
Kernel.
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80)What are the five default kernel actions for any signal ?
81)Explain the following signals ?
a)kill( )
b)pause( )
c)raise( )
d)alarm( )
82)Which signal is generated when we press Ctrl Z ?
83)Which signal is generated when we press Ctrl C ?
a) Terminate the Process.
b) Ignore the Signal.
c) Suspend the Process.
d) Write the execution context and the contents of the address
space in a file and terminate the process.
e) Resume the Process execution, If it was stopped.
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81)Explain the following signals ?
a)kill( )
b)pause( )
c)raise( )
d)alarm( )
a)kill()
i) To send signals from
one process to other process you can use a system call kill ().
ii)
#include<signal.h> int
kill(pid_t pid ,int sig)
iii) Returns 0 on success, Returns -1 on error.
b)pause()
i) You can make process
to sleep till any signal arrives by using a system call pause ().
ii)#include<unistd.h>
int pause(void)
iii) Using pause () a process can suspend execution until a
signal arrives.
c)raise()
i)You can send signal to the same process by calling a library
function raise().
ii)#include<signal.h>
int raise(int sig)
iii) Returns 0 on success, Returns non zero on error.
d)alarm()
i)The system call alarm() arranges for SIGALRM Signal to be
delivered to calling process after specified seconds in the argument.
ii)#include<stdio.h> unsigned int alarm(unsigned int seconds)
iii)alarm() will not block the process.
iv)It returns the number of seconds remaining until any
previously scheduled alarm was due to delivered,(Or) zero if there was no
previously scheduled alarm.
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82)Which signal is generated when we press Ctrl Z ?
The SIGSTOP Signal is sent to a process by
its controlling terminal to request it to stop (or) it is used to suspend a
process by sending it the SIGSTOP which is like a sleep signal that can be
undone and the process can be resumed again.
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It sends an INT Signal (SIGINT) by default,
this causes the process to terminate.
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